Well-drilling machine.



N0. 777M162. PATENTED DEC 18, 1904. A. T. WILSON.

WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31.1902.

NO MODEL. 4 SHEBTS8HBET 1v.

aliboznmgg No. 777,462. PATENTED DEC. 18, 1904. A. T. WILSON.

WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31. 1902.

glwenroz No. 777,462. PATENTED DEC. 13, 1904. A. T. WILSON.

WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31.1902.

4 SHEETS-BHEET 3 N0 MODEL.

g /zww No. 777.462. PATBNTEDDEG. 13, 1904. A. T. WILSON.

WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31. 1902 N0 MODEL. 4 SHEBTS-SHEET 4.

an'ueufoz -A Zemnden'ZWfZ Z5022 @Xhhmoma fi I abbozwug Nirisn STATESPatented December 13, 1904.

AmnNT FFlCE.

WELlu-DFHLLING: MAGHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 777,462, dated December13, 1904.

Application filed May 31, 1902. Serial No. 109,688. (No model.)

To all who/n it may concern:

Be it known that l, ALEXANDER 'l. l/VILsON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at J effersonville, in the county of Wayne and State ofIllinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in ell-DrillingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to well-drilling machines; and the main object oithe same is to provide a simple organization of elements adapted to bethrown into and out of operative engagement with a drive-shaft andcapable of having reverse movements imparted thereto without in theleast affecting the motion or checking the motion of the prime motor foractuating said drive-shaft, and thereby avoid the inconvenience andfrequent accidents as well as breakage of the parts of the machineincident to the requirement in ordinary well-drilling machines for anoperator to quickly repair to the prime motor to reverse or stop thesame.

A further object of the invention is to provide simple and effectivemeans for controlling the movements of the drill-rod and sandpump reelsand render them sensitively under the control of an operator stationedadjacent to the front or drilling end of the ma chine, where theconnections with the driveshaft may also be conveniently regulated.

A further object of the invention is to provide effective mechanism toimpart a drop to the drill-rod orother analogous tools attached to therope or cable wound upon the drill-rod reel to produce the necessarydrop or fall of the drill-rod or other tool during the drillingoperation, the said mechanism being capable of a reverse movementwithout affecting the.

operation of the drill-rod or analogous tdols, and thereby avoid thenecessity of having the prime motor run continuously in one direction.

With these and other objects and advantages in view the inventionconsists of the eonstruction and arrangement of theseveral parts, whichwill be more fully hereinafter described and claimed and subject to awide range of modification in the form, proportions, dimensions, andminor details without departing from the principle involved.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front elevation of a drilling-machineshown arranged for use and embodying the features of the invention. Fig.2 is a top plan view of the improved machine on an enlarged scale andshowing the derrick broken away. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of theimproved machine with parts thereof broken away. Fig. 4. is a sideelevation of the improved machine looking toward the side opposite thatshown by Fig. 3 and also showing the derrick broken away in part. Fig.5is a longitudinal vertical section of the improved machine with thederrick broken away, taken in the plane of the line 5 5, Fig. .2. Figs.6 and 7 are longitudinally-vertieal sections oi the rear portion of themachine, both taken in the plane of the line 6 6. Fig. 2, and showingthe drill rope or cable operating mechanism in two different positions.Fig. 8 is a transverse vertical section through the reel for thedrill-rod rope or cable, taken in the plane of the line 8 8, Fig. 2, andshowing mechanism for locking the said reel to the shaft on which itisloosely mounted. Fig. 9 is an end elevation of a portion of one head ofthe reel for the drill rope or cable, showing the manner of applying apart of the locking mechanism therefor. Fig. 10 is a longitudinalvertical section through the front portion of the machine looking towardthe side opposite that shown by Fig. 5 and taken in the plane of theline 10 10, Fig. 2, and illustrating the locking-lever for regl'llatingor checking the movement of the reel tor the drill rope or cable andbrake mechanism engaging a portion of the said reel. Fig. 11 is atransverse vertical section through one extremity of the reel for thedrill rope or cable and a part of the mechanism cooperating therewithand held thereby and taken in the plane of the line 1111, Fig. 2. Fig.12 is a detail view illustrating the double-acting brake for thesand-pump reel. Fig. 13 shows detail perspective views of the dog forlocking the drill-rope reel to its shaft and the spring-arm cooperatingtherewith. Fig. 14: is a detail sectional elevation 01'' a part of thecontrolling means for the sand-pump reel.

Similar numerals of reference are employed to indicate correspondingparts in the several l views.

The numeral 1 designates a frame which is made up of suitablelongitudinally, vertically, and transversely extending beams and sillsand adapted to be braced or reinforced at such points as may be foundnecessary to withstand wear and tear due to vibration and other causes.This frame 1 is shown as of a stationary character; but it will beunderstood that it may be mounted upon suitable wheels, and therebyrendered portable for convenience in movement from one point to another,and in some instances it will be equipped with means of the mostapproved pattern, whereby it may be transported by means of atraction-engine, which will be preferably used in operating themechanism, though other engines can be equally well employed, as will bereadily understood. On the rear end of the frame and rising to asuitable elevation above the latter is a supporting-bracket 2, and atthe front end of the frame are opposite standards 3, in which a derrick4 is pivotally mounted, the pivotal connection of the said derrick beingin the same horizontal plane as the upper terminal of the bracket orsupport 2, so that when the derrick is let down to reduce the machine tocompact form it will be held at such elevation as to render theconnection to the frame of a traction-engine practically convenient.

The derrick 4 comprises two beams which converge toward one end and aresecurely bolted or otherwise fastened to a head-block 5, having upperand lower yokes 6 and 7, in which are mounted pulleys or sheaves 8 and9. WVhen the derrick is in operative position, the lower extremitiesextend over the front of the frame and are immovably held against thelatter by bolts 10, provided with removable nuts 11. When the derrick isin erect position, the lower ends of the beams thereof rest upon thebase-sills of the frame 1, as clearly shown by Fig. 1, and a materialportion of the weight strain is removed from the pivot device for thederrick and also from the bolts 10.

The essential moving elements of the improved drill consist of a reel 12for the drill rope or cable, a sand-pump reel 13, a driveshaft 14, acounter-shaft 15, and a drill rope or cable operating mechanism 16,actuated by the drive-shaft. In conjunction with these several devicesmechanical means are used, which will be hereinafter set forth, forcontrolling their operation, and for convenience in applying theoperating-power from a prime motor the drive-shaft 14 is located in therear end of the frame 1 and has one extremity, 17, projected outwardlybeyond one side of the said frame. On the outer terminal of theextremity 17 of the drive-shaft a clutch member 18 is fixed to rotatetherewith, and slidable on the said shaft is a clutch-sleeve 19, adaptedto cooperate with said clutch member and carrying a band-wheel 20, whichmay be replaced by any other analogous device. Near its inner end thesleeve 19 is formed with a circumferential groove 21, and secured to theinner terminal of the said sleeve and also slidable on the extremity 17of the shaft 14 is a bevel-pinion 22. Slidably mounted in the rear endof the side of the frame adjacent to the pinion 22 is an angle-arm 23,having its angular end formed with a yoke 24, engaging the groove 21 inthe sleeve 19. A headed pin or stud 25 depends from the arm 23 andpasses through the rear slotted end 26 of an elongated shifting bar orlever 27, running along the side of the machine to the front end of thelatter and having its front extremity 28 given a quarter turn or twistto present an engaging edge for cooperation with an outwardlyprojectingretention-bar 29, having slots 30, 31, and 32 in the upper edge thereof.The shifting bar or lever 27 is movably held by a fulcrum projection 33.projecting outwardly from a bearing-bracket 34, secured to the adjacentside of the frame, and by moving the said shifting bar or leverlaterally in opposite directions the sleeve 19, together with the pulley20 and pinion 21, will be correspondingly moved on the extremity 17 ofthe driveshaft 14. Near the front end of the frame is a verticallydisposed outwardlyprojecting support 34", having a central bearing 35,as shown by Fig. 3, and in this hearing and the bearing bracket 33 acounter shaft 15 is mounted to have longitudinal shiftable movement andis projected downwardly toward the rear of the frame at an angle ofinclination so as to bring the forward extremity thereof at a properelevation in relation to mechanism which it is intended to actuate, thehearing of the bracket 34 and the bearing 35 being disposed at suchangle relatively to the inclination of the shaft 36 as to avoid unduefrictional wear and binding on the latter. The rear end of the shaft 15has a bevel-pinion 37 keyed thereon, and on the front extremity of theshaft are a pair of reversely-arranged bevel-pinions 38 and 39, whichhave sliding movement and are connected by a yoke 40 for simultaneousmovement. A shifting-arm 41' rises centrally from the yoke 40 andextends upwardly inside of a strap 42, longitudinally disposed on theadjacent side of the upper part of the frame and of a resilient natureto hold the upper end of the said arm normally pressed inwardly. Theupper end of the arm 41 is held in its adjusted position by engagementwith a slotted or notched bar 43, also longitudinally disposed and overwhich the strap 42 extends. The pinions 38 and 39 are adapted to bealternately thrown into mesh with a bevel-gear 44, secured on the end ofa shaft 45, on which the reel 12 is loosely mounted, and the pinion 37on the rear end of the shaft 15 is engaged by the pinion 21, carried bythe sleeve 19,when it is desired to rotate the wheel 12 to wind thedrill rope or cable thereon and withdraw the drill or other implementattached. to said rope or cable from the well or opening formed in theground.

One end of the reel 12 is formed with a radial recess 46, as clearlyshown by Fig. 11, and therein a spring-arm 47 is immovably held and hasits inner end apertured for the passage therethrough of the shaft 45.The said recessed end of the reel 46 is covered by a head plate or disk48, immovably secured in applied position and formed with afulcrumrecess 49, having an outwardly-openin slot 50, as clearly shownby Fig. 9. The recess 49 is substantially circular, and movably engagingtherewith is a circular head or fulcrum enlargement 51 on the end of anarm 52, intcgrally extending from the inner edge of a dog 53, providedalso with an inwardly-projecting pin or stud 54 and a locking-tooth 55on the inner edge near one of its ends. The arm 52, as clearly shown byFig. 18 is of less width than the slot 50, through which said armmovably projects, and the dog and its arm 52, as well as the circularhead or fulcrum enlargement 51. have the opposite faces parallel fordisposing the said dog and its parts referred to in the recess 49 andslot 50 in close relation to the spring-arm 47 and the head plate ordisk 48. As shown by Fig. 8. the outer extremity of the arm 47 projectsa considerable distance beyond the periphery of the plate 48 and theadjacent end of the reel 12.. The outer end of the arm 47 is providedwith a reduced projection 56,which stands out far enough to beconveniently engaged by the hand of an operator, and at a short distanceinwardly from the said reduced projection the outer extremity of the arm47 is also formed with a pair of transversely-alined openings 57 toreceive the stud 54 of the dog 53. When the stud 54 is in engagementwith one of the openings 57 the tooth 55 thereof is held clear of theteeth of a locking-disk 58, keyed to the shaft 45 and located closely tothe head plate or disk 48. When the stud 54 is thrown into engagementwith the other opening 57 the tooth of the dog is thrown into engagementwith the toothed disk 58, and thereby the reel 12 is coupled or lockedto the shaft 45 for rotation with the latter. in changing the positionof the dog 53 from one adjustment to the other the spring-arm 47 ispulled inwardly to disengage the stud 54 from either of the openings 57and after such disengagement said arm is permitted to resume its normalposition, and when the stud 54 arrives in coincidence with the opening57 that has remained uncngaged for the time being said stud will snapinto the latter opening.

The reel 12 is engaged by a drill rope or cable 59, and, as will beunderstood, said reel during the drilling operation will be disengagedfrom the shaft 45. so that the said rope or cable may be free toregularly pay off to compensate for the descent of the drill attached tothe rope or cable or for the movcment of any other implement connectedto the latter. During the drilling operation or d uring the descent ofthe drill to the bottom of the opening formed in the ground it is frequently found necessary to check the movement or too rapid descent ofthe drill and rope or cable attached thereto, and for this purpose aband-brake 60 is employed and has one terminal secured to the innerlower portion of the front extremity of the frame 1 and the oppositeextremity secured to a braketreadle 61, extending transversely acrossthe lower front portion of the frame below the plane of the reel andfulcrumed at an intermediate point to the said frame. This hand- 'brakealso prevents a surplus unwinding of the rope or cable 59 from the reel12 during the drilling operation and can be conveniently controlled byan operator standing at one side of the machine. it is also oftennecessary in the drilling operation to check the upward or downwardmovement of the drill or other implement attached to the rope or cable59 either when the reel 12 is coupled up to the shaft 45 or when saidreel is run ning loose on said shaft, and for this purpose a tootheddisk 62 is secured to the end of the reel 12 opposite that having thedisk58 thereon. Above this disk 62 and pivotally connected at its innerend with the upper portion of the frame is a stop-levcr 63, having atooth or projection 64 to engage the teeth of the disk 62. The purposeof this stop-lever is to check the movement of the reel 12 and theunwinding or winding movements of the rope or cable 59 entirely in viewof certain contingencies that may arise during the drilling operationand when it becomes necessary to suddenly or quickly stop the movementof the reel and the rope or cable and hold the latter against furthermovement until said parts can again be allowed to operate withoutliability to injury of the machine or breakage of the cable or ropecarrying the drill or other implement or tool. llt will be understoodthat should this sudden stopping or positive checking of the movement ofthe reel 12 and the rope or cable 5.) be desired to be eflected when thesaid reel is connected up to the shaft 45 through the medium of the dog53 and toothed disk the shaft 36 will be thrown out of mesh in relationto the gear 44 by shifting the yoked pinions 38 and 39 through themedium of the arm 41 and without stopping the prime motor. though insome instances the shifting bar or lever 27 may be operated to throw theclutch-sleeve 19 out of operative engagement from the clutch member 18.The stop-lever (SS-'3 is normally held at an elevation and out ofengagement with the disk 62 by a latch 65, pivoted at its upper end toone of the beams of the derrick adjacent to said stop-lever and having ashoulder 66, on which the latter is adapted to bear, the lower end ofthe latch being in the form of a grip or handle 67 adapted to beconveniently grasped to release the shoulder 66 from theforwardly-projecting end of the lever 63. It will be seen that the lever63 in view of its pivotal attachment, as heretofore set forth, will havea tendency when free to gravitate or fall and cause an engagement of thetooth 64 with the disk 62 without requiring a particular placement ofthe said lever by an operator, and when raising the lever 63 to clearthe tooth thereof from the disk 62 the latch 65 is pressed outwardlyuntil said lever is elevated above the plane of the shoulder 66, whenthe latch will resume its normal Vertical position, and thereby bringits shoulder under the lower edge of the lever and prevent the latterfrom falling until the latch is again manually thrown outward.

The end of the shaft 45 opposite that having the gear 44 thereon isprojected beyond the adjacent outer side of the frame, and thereon iskeyed a worm-wheel 68, and above the latter a worm-wheel shaft 69 isadjustably mounted and has its rear end attached to a part of the sideof the frame by a ball-and-socket connection 70 and its front extremitymovably mounted in a bearing-hanger 71, formed with an upper verticalslot 72 and engaged by a clamping nut and screw 73, by means of whichthe said worm-wheel shaft 69 may be vertically moved to bring a worm 74thereon in mesh with the worm-wheel 68 or to elevate the shaft and holdthe worm above the wormwheel. The front terminal of the shaft 69 has acrank-disk 75 mounted thereon, by means of which the shaft maybemanually operated to actuate the worm-wheel 68 and the reel 12 when thelatter is connected to the shaft 45 through the medium of the dog 53 andto the disk 58 to control the pay-off of the rope or cable 59 during thedrilling operation and compensate for the gradual descent of the drillor other tool carried by said rope or cable and avoid concentrating theweight strain and force incident to the drop of the drill or otherinstrument on said rope or cable. It will be understood that in drillingthrough certain strata soft spots will be frequently struck, and thedrill or other implement will pass therethrough with very littlerestriction, and if some means were not provided for rapidly paying offthe cable or rope 59 the latter would be liable to be broken orstrained, with disadvantageous results. Furthermore, this mechanism forcontrolling the amount of the rope or cable 59 paid out from the reel 12will also be employed at times for taking up too much slack in the ropeor cable when the drill or other tool strikes ahard or resistingobstruction, as is often the casein well-drilling. This control of therope or cable, as before indicated, may also be effected through themedium of the brake-band 60 and will be alone used for this purpose whenthe reel 12 is running loose on the shaft 45.

The driveshaft 14 has two pinions 7 6 mounted thereon and spaced apartfrom each other, the said pinions being fastened to the shaft andcontinually held in mesh with spurgears 7 7, held on shortcounter-shafts 78, having bearing at opposite terminals, respectively,in the sides of the frame and in longitudinally-extending beams 78,forming a part of the frame and spaced apart from the latter, the saidbeams being provided with boxes 79 for the said shaft. The ends of theshaft 78 are projected inwardly beyond the inner side of the beams 78,and secured thereon are cranks 80, having weight-segments 81 andradially-projecting arms 82, the said cranks being centrally connectedto the shafts 78. Each of the cranks is provided with aninwardly-projecting pin 83, located close to the center thereof, andsecured to the outer terminal of each arm 82 by a pivotal connection isone member 84 of a yoke 85, the opposite ends of the said members beingconverged toward each other and having one end of a link 86 movably heldtherebetween. The opposite end of said link is also movably attached tothe central portion of a connectingpin 87, terminally secured to therear ends of a pair of bars 88, constituting a drill-operating frame,the said bars being in close parallel relation at their rear extremitiesand from the latter gradually diverging and movably attached at theirfront terminals on the shaft 45, outside of the location of the disks 58and 62. The front terminals of the bars 88 are free to oscillate on theshaft 45, and adjacent to the rear ends of the said bars a groovedpulley or analogous device 89 is secured to the bars and provided withmeans in the form of a clamp 90 for taking up wear or obviating tooloose movement of said pulley. The drill rope or cable 59 is passedunder and engages the pulley 89 and from the latter extends upwardlyover the pulley 8, carried by the head 5 at the upper end of thederrick. Means are also provided for cushioning the drill-rod-operatingframe to overcome injurious jar or vibration, and said means consist ofan upwardly-projecting angularly-inclined yoke 91, rising above the topof the frame 1 and movably supporting a central buffer 92, comprising alower bar 93, against which the rear portion of the drilloperating frameis adapted to contact, the said bar 93 having a bolt-rod 94 connected atits lower end to the center thereof and movably extending upwardlythrough an opening 95 in the center of the top member of the yoke 91.Between the bar 93 and the top member of the yoke 91 a spring 96 isinterposed and surrounds the bolt-rod 94, and to regulate the tension ofthe buffer the upper end of the bolt-rod is provided with screw-threadsfor the reception of a winged or other nut 97, which also prevents thebolt-rod from becoming separated from the top member of the yoke. Thebar 93 is also loosely engaged by'guide-bolts 98, secured in the topmember of the yoke and loosely extending through the said bar, it beingobvious that the guide-bolts 98 render the movement of the bar 93regular and prevent rocking thereof. When the drilloperating framesuddenly elevates, it strikes the bar 93, and injurious jar or vibrationis removed from the remaining portions of the machine through the mediumof the spring 96, as will be readily understood and appreciated.

The sand-pump reel 13 is also engaged by a rope or cable 99 and is fixedon its shaft 100, one end of the said reel being formed with an enlargededge 101, having a circumferential rib 102, and cooperating with thesaid head and rib is a centrally-fulerumed brake-shoe 103, which isshown in detail by Fig. 12 and has a forwardly-projecting operating baror handle 104. This brake-shoe 103 can be operated to set up a brakingpressure on the head 101 and rib 102 by either raising or pulling downon the handle or bar 10%, so that the movement of the said reel may bechecked without requiring a precise downward or upward movement of thebrake-shoe, but by either movement of said shoe, and thereby insure asudden braking action on the sandpump reel and avoid accident and injuryto the machine that might otherwise result from the use of a brakedevice having a single 0perative movement or precise actuation thatmight not be understood by an operator unacquainted therewith. The endof the shaft 100 adjacent to the location of the wormwheel 68 isprojected outwardly beyond the side of the frame and has a clutch member105 keyed thereto, and cooperating with the said clutch member is aclutch-sleeve loosely movable on the shaft and carrying a sprocketwheel107, engaged by a chain belt 108, also surrounding a sprocket-wheel 109,mounted on the projecting end of the shaft 41:5, outside of theworm-wheel 68, the said sprocket-wheel 109 being larger in diameter thanthe sprocketwheel 107 to give increased speed to the sandpump wheel 13.The sleeve 106 is engaged by the inner yoked end of a shifting-lever110, projecting toward the front of the machine and pivotally mounted ona fulcrum projection 111, attached to an adjacent portion of the frame.When it is desired that the sand-pump reel run loose, the sleeve 106will be disengaged from the clutch member 105, such loose movement ofthe sand-pump reel being desired when the pump descends into the openingbored, and to elevate the sand-pump the clutch-sleeve 106 is thrown intoengagement with the member 105 and the motion of the shaft 15 istransmitted through the medium of the sprocket-wheels 109 and 107 andthe chain belt 108 to the shaft 100. it will be understood that the ropeor cable 99 is run upwardly over the derrick and caused to engage thepulley 7. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that thesand-pump rope or cable 99 will be continuously rigged up in relation tothe derrick for immediate use and passed. over the lower pulley 7 of thehead 5 and that the drill rope or cable 59 will be passed over thepulley 8, though it is possible to use a number of pulleys in connectionwith the head 5 for engagement by the ropes or cables from reels inorder to insure a permanent engagement and easy movement of the saidropes or cables over the derrickhead. The effective operation of theropes or cables is not confined to any precise construction ofhead-carrying pul leys and the most approved devices for this purposewill be employed.

As an additional means for supporting the derrick in upright position,hook-rods 111 are applied to opposite sides thereof by means of asuitable pivot connection, and said rods removably engage eyes or loops112, secured to the inner upper portions of the opposite sides of theframe.

In the operation of the machine the driveshaft is set in motion by thesleeve 19 being thrown into engagement with the clutch member 18, andduring the drilling operation the movement of this shaft may becontrolled without in the least affecting the movement of the primemotor or engine which delivers power to the pulley 20. Thedrill-operating mechanism, as will be hereinafter more fully explained,is of such nature that it will cause the drill to have the necessarydrop either by a backward or forward movement of said mechanism, andhence the prime motor or engine need not necessarily be run in onedirection, but will work equally well when reversed, and when it isdesired to stop the machine entirely the prime motor or engine cancontinue to operate, in view of the fact that the sleeve 19 will beshifted under such circum stances to a point intermediate of the clutchmember 18 and the pinion 37 or so that the said sleeve will be out ofengagement with the clutch member and the pinion 21 out of engagementwith the pinion 37. When the pinion 21 is thrown into engagement withthe pinion 37 on the shaft 15 to rotate the shaft 45 and the reels 12and 13 when desired, either of the pinions 38 or 39 may be thrown intomesh with the gear 14, in accordance with the direction of movementrequired to perform the work sought to be effected, and in the eventthat stoppage of either reel is found necessary the said pinions 38 and39 will be moved to the position shown in Fig. 3 or out of mesh with thegear 1a through the medium of the yoke 40 and the shifting means conlIOnected thereto without stopping the movement of the shaft 36 ordisengaging the pinion 21 from the pinion 37. Reverse movements will beimparted to the gear 44 by throwing the opposite pinions 38 and 39 intomesh therewith in alternation, it being understood that at no time arethe two pinions 38 and 39 in mesh with the gear 44 simultaneously. Thecontrol of the motion of the different mechanisms as just set forth isof material advantage in this class of machinery, particularly in viewof the fact that an operator is not required to run back and stop orstart the prime motor or engine, but can remain at the front end of themachine, where all the shifting devices can be conveniently reached andoperated, and should an accident occur the machine can be immediatelystopped without liability of breakage or injury to parts cooperatingwith the drilling devices and the ropes or cables.

The operation of the mechanism for imparting a drop to the drill orother implement or tool that may be carried by the rope or cable 59 issimple and positive. \Vhen the sleeve 19 is in engagement with theclutch member 18 and the shaft 14 rotated thereby, the spurgears 77 aresetin motion through the pinion 76, and if the movement be in thedirection indicated by the arrows shown by Figs. 5, 6, and 7 the cranks80 will turn in the direction shown and the yoke will move rearwardlyand it and the link 86 will become alined, and the alinement of thesetwo parts will be maintained until the members 84 of the yoke areengaged by the inwardly-projecting pins 83, when the alinement will bebroken, as shown by Fig. 6, and during this operation the drilloperatingframe, comprising the bars 88, will be gradually drawn downwardly. Thecontinuous engagement of the pins 83 with the members 84 of the yoke 85and the continuous rotation of the cranks 80 will push the yoke aroundto the position shown by Fig. 7, which is almost the lowest point ofmovement of the parts including the drill-operating frame, which willhave been gradually lowered. The downward pull on the drill-operatingframe will of course be exerted through the link 86, and the pullingstrain will be concentrated at the point of connection of the link withthe yoke and the points of attachment of the members 84 to the arms 82,and the yoke and link will continue to rotate in this condition untilthe pivotal connectingdevice for the link passes slightly to the rightof the plane of vertical alinement of said pivotal device and thepivotal devices of the members 84, when the yoke and link will moveupwardly in a sudden manner to the position illustrated by Fig. 5, andthereby also permit the drill-operating frame to fly upwardly and strikethe lower bar 93 of the bufling mechanism heretofore explained and atthe same time impart a drop motion to the drill or other implementattached to the rope or cable 59. This operation will be successivelycarried on at regular intervals, and the rope or cable 59 will be fedout or paid off proportionately to the descent of the drill during thedrilling operation. The weight segments 81, forming part of the cranks80, facilitate the operation of the mechanism just explained and alsoprovide an extended bearing-surface for the members 84 of the yoke, andit will be understood that the pins 83 will be of such length as toengage the members 84 only and permit the link to escape them in itsmovement.

From the foregoing it will be seen that a well-drilling machine isprovided which is equipped with various mechanisms to meet allcontingencies encountered in drilling wells and to avert accidents, aswell as breakage of the mechanism, and while the preferred form of theseveral parts have been shown and described it will be understood thatchanges in the form, proportions, dimensions, and minor details may beresorted to without departing from the principle of the invention.

Having thus fully described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1.In a well-drilling machine, the combination with a reel and a drill-ropeadapted to wind thereon, of a movable device engaged by said rope toimpart a drop to the drill, cranks having weight-segments and eccentricprojections, and link connections between the cranks and the saidmovable device, parts of the link-sections being adapted to engage theprojections of the cranks, the latter being capable of operation inreverse direction to draw on and permit the movable device to flyupwardly to impart the necessary drop to the drill.

2. In a well-drilling machine, the combinaing a dog secured thereto tomove over and engage the teeth of the disk, the said reel be ing adaptedto receive the drill rope, and means for operating the reel-shaft.

3. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a reel-shaft having agear on one end thereof, a reel mounted on the reel-shaft, a tootheddisk keyed to the reel-shaft, a dog secured to and rotatable with thereel to engage the said disk, a drive-shaft. a counter-shaft adapted tobe connected to the drive-shaft, and pinions adjustably mounted on thecountershaft and adapted to be thrown in engagement with the said gearin alternation to reverse the movement of the reel-shaft.

4. In a well-drilling machine, the combination with a drive-shaft, of acounter-shaft, a reel-shaft adapted to be connected to the counter shaftand having a drill rope loosely mounted thereon, a sand-pump reel, atoothed disk keyed to the reel-shaft, a dog secured to,

and rotatable with the drill-rope reel to engage the said disk, a shafton which the sandpump reel is fixed, a gear on the end of said sand-pumpreel-shaft, a counter-shaft having op positely-disposed pinions slidablymounted thereon to engage the said gear on the drillrope reel-shaft,means between the latter shaft and the drill-rope reel for actuating thelatter, and shiftable means on the drive-shaft adapted to be thrown intoand out of engagement with the rear extremity of the countershaft.

5. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a reel-shaft having adrill-rope reel loosely mounted thereon, means for operating the saidshaft, a worm-wheel on the shaft, a toothed disk carried by the shaft, adog adjustably held by the reel for engagement by the said disk, and ashaft adapted to be manually operated and carrying a worm-wheel toengage the said worm, the shaft carrying the worm-wheel being verticallyadjustable.

6. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a reel-shaft, meansfor operating the same, a reel loosely mounted on said shaft and adaptedto receive the drill rope, a toothed disk carried by the said shaft, anda dog adjustably held by the reel for engagement with the said diskwhereby the reel may be connected to the shaft.

7. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a reel-shaft, meansfor operating the same, a reel loosely mounted on and adapted to beconnected to the said shaft, a stop device adapted to cooperate with oneend of the reel, and a pivoted latch adapted to hold the stop deviceclear of the reel.

8. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a reel-shaft, meansfor operating the said shaft, a reel loosely mounted on the shaft andadapted to receive a drill-rope, said drillrope, means for connectingthe reel to the shaft, a toothed disk connected to one end of the reel,and a pivoted stop-lever having a tooth to engage the said disk.

9. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a sand-pump reeladapted to receive the sand-pump rope, means for operating said reel, ahead at one end of the reel, and a single brake-shoe for the head havingmeans for operating the same, the said shoe being fulcrumed at anintermediate point and operative to apply a braking pressure to the headby either an upward or downward movement of the means for operating thesame.

10. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a sand-pump reelhaving a head at one end, means for operating said sand-pump reel, and adouble-acting single brake-shoe to engage the head and having means formoving the same, the said shoe being brought into braking relation tothe head by either an upward or downward movement of the means foroperating the same.

11. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a sand-pump reel,means for operating the said reel, a head at one end of the reel havinga circumferential rib, and a clouble-acting single brake-shoe to engagethe said head.

12. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a drive-shaft,crank-disks operated thereby and provided with weight-segments, a yokehaving links attached to the arms thereof and to the said cranks, thesaid links being adapted to engage portions of the cranks, adrill-rod-operating frame movably supported and connected to the saidyoke, and a drill-rope engaging the said operatingframe.

13. In a well-drilling machine, the combi nation with a drive-shaft, ofa drill-operating frame, a drill-rope engaging the said frame, crankdevices operated by the drive-shaft and having projections andweiglit-segments, and movably-attached connecting devices between theframe and crank devices whereby the said frame will be released at acertain point in the plane of movement of the crank devices and bepermitted to suddenly fly upwardly, the crank devices having projectionsadapted to be engaged by portions of the said connecting devices.

14. In a well-drilling machine, the combination of a drive-shaft,crank-disks operated thereby and provided with weight-segments, a yokemovably attached to the cranks, a drillrod-operating frame movablysupported and connected to the said yoke, and a drill-rod rope engagingthe said operating-frame, the said cranks having means to engage theyoke.

15. In a well-drilling machine, the combination with a drive-shaft, of adrill-operating frame, a drill-rope engaging the said frame, crankdevices operated by the drive-shaft and having projections andweight-segments, and connecting devices between the frame and crankdevices whereby the said frame will be released at a certain point inthe plane of movement of the said crank devices and be permitted tosuddenly fly upwardly.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALEXANDER 'l. l/VILSUN.

Witnesses:

Unas. L. BURTON, Geo. 1. Buck.

I TO

